四 结语

通过了解各国所取得的成就、行政程序，以及该国的最佳管理实践，并以此作为参考，政府机构和国家的体育组织也许能够找出自身需要加强的领域，有助于促进本国体育产业的发展和成长。鉴于入选本书的均为世界上具有主导地位的国家，它们的管理实践、经验、见解和教训对其他国家和地区是极为有用的信息、资源和智慧。另外，本书在对代表国家逐一进行单独论述的基础上，还列章专门对这些国家进行系统性的综合比较，从五个角度形成该国体育产业的单独报告，即近代历史及体育产业发展阶段；当前的状态，如范围、规模、结构、治理、重大政策、设施、项目和重大事件；发展的特点、力量和亮点；面临的挑战和问题；发展趋势。

现代体育发展的国际性要求体育组织改变它们的管理实践，以在国际市场中保持高效和竞争力。这对于那些组织的领导人形成观念意识（理解差异性）、全球意识（理解全球性）、跨文化意识（理解文化多样性和相似性）、系统性意识（国际组织运行）、参与的激情（从事体育事业）、个体反思，以及形成文化和社会适应能力是十分有必要的。组织和管理者必须形成对在其他国家经营运行有关的法律、法规、价值观、规范及标准的理解和敏感。

本书主编（James J. Zhang博士，Roger Haiyan Huang博士和John Nauright博士）谨借此机会感谢11组杰出学者对本书所做的卓越贡献。能够与来自世界各地的优秀同事一起工作，我们感到荣幸之至。最后，需要指出的是，本书对于样本国家的选择仅仅是根据一国的经济规模、体育产业规模，在最近的夏季奥运会上的成绩及在该大洲的名次。未来的研究工作还应考虑到一个国家在冬季奥运会上的表现；应开展基于城市、地区、文化、体育甚至大陆的比较分析，而不是仅仅以国家作为分析单位。总之，从历史中学习和体育组织之间的相互学习，是每个国家、地区、大洲甚至整个世界体育产业继续前进不可或缺的推动力。

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